Dejarnette and Allied Families in America "Full Text"

Much of the challenge in locating information about Jean deJarnat stems from the fact that there is no direct record that has all the same been uncovered of which transport he may have been on. 1 theory has surfaced as plausible so far: Jean deJarnat is actually "Jean Egarnae," a rider who came over on the Nassau in 1701.

Higher up is the Rolle Des Francois, Suisses, Genevois, Alemans, Et Flamans, Embarques Dam Le Navire Nemm‎é Le Nasseau Pour Aller a La Virginie from the R.A. Brock text Documents, Chiefly Unpublished, Relating to the Huguenot Emigration to Virginia and to the Settlement at Manakin-Town, with an Appendix of Genealogies, Presenting Data of the Fontaine, Maury, Dupuy, Trabue, Marye, Chastain, Cocke, and Other Families .

This log contains a record of all French passengers on the British ship Nasseau, which arrived in Virginia in 1701. There is no immediate bear witness that Jean deJarnat was on this ship. Still a "Jean Egarnae," traveling lone, is listed. The phonetic pronunciation of deJarnat, assuming one follows the rule of dropping the "t," is remarkably shut to Egarnae. At that place is additional testify provided which points to this passenger as a potential match for Jean deJarnat:

The above is a record of the original petition for naturalization by "Jean de Jarnal" and others which was made at William and Mary College in Williamsburg, April 18, 1705 constitute in the Legislative Journals of the Council of Colonial Virginia, Volume 1. Interesting to note is that Gabriel Maupin is also listed. A Gabriel Maupain, with his wife and three children, is listed as a passenger on the Nasseau.

Every bit you tin see, at that place are likewise challenges with the spelling of the surname. When I went to the Manakin Huguenot Social club, I kickoff encountered a book which listed "de Jarnal" as an alternate spelling for DeJarnette. I had never seen it earlier. Imagine my surprise when the re-create of this naturalization petition surfaced with that exact spelling.

I admit I am limited here, since I have not notwithstanding seen the original petition to assess whether this was potentially written in error, nor have I seen the original of the Nasseau's log. Both of these things are on my to-do list.

I volition say that I found something very interesting as it related to the surname "de Jarnal" in some French records from the late 1600s, merely I will save that for another post.

Sources

1. Legislative Journals of the Council of Colonial Virginia. Edited by H. McIlwaine R. Vol. 1. Richmond: Colonial Press, Everett Waddey, 1918.
2. Brock, R. A. "Rolle Des Francois, Suisses, Genevois, Alemans, Et Flamans, Embarques Dam Le Navire Nemm‎é Le Nasseau Pour Aller a La Virginie." In Documents, Importantly Unpublished, Relating to the Huguenot Emigration to Virginia and to the Settlement at Manakin-Town, with an Appendix of Genealogies, Presenting Data of the Fontaine, Maury, Dupuy, Trabue, Marye, Chastain, Cocke, and Other Families, 29-35. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub., 1962.

The Edict of Nantes, issued by Henry 4 in 1598

"And not to leave any occasion of trouble and deviation amid our Subjects, we take permitted and do permit to those of the Reformed Religion, to live and dwell in all the Cities and places of this our Kingdom and Countreys under our obedience, without existence inquired after, vexed, molested, or compelled to do any matter in Religion, contrary to their Conscience, nor by reason of the aforementioned be searched later on in houses or places where they live, they comporting themselves in other things every bit is contained in this our present Edict or Statute."

Article 6 of the Edict of Nantes codifies the peace betwixt Protestants and Catholics in France after the Wars of Religion, which were a series of civil wars occurring from 1562 and lasting until the issuance of this Edict in 1598. Henry IV, a former Protestant himself, reinstated many measures which promoted pacification of both Protestants and Catholics with this Edict. These measures included a number of precursors to modernistic police: the right to do faith, liberty from harassment, protections against unwarranted seizure of property or persons, and similar articles which did not favor either religious grouping, simply accorded to each some measure out of autonomy in practice.

Click here for more excerpts from the Edict of Nantes.

Edict of Fontainebleau issued by Louis Fourteen in 1685

The Edict of Fontainebleau, also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, was issued by Louis XIV in order to eliminate the practise of the Protestant faith in France. Information technology prohibited the practice of the Protestant religion, "in whatsoever identify or private house, under any pretext whatever excuse information technology tin be." Amid other articles, it also forbade nobles from joining or practicing the Protestant organized religion, forced the expulsion of those who were unwilling to convert to Catholicism from France and dictated that all children born to Protestants were to exist baptized as Catholics. Somewhere between 200,000 and 250,000 Huguenots left France in the late 17th century. While they mainly settled in Protestant European countries such as the Dutch Republic, Britain and Deutschland, some settled in South Africa and a few hundred left for the American Colonies.

Click hither for a link to the total text of the Edict of Fontainebleau.

Equally you lot can see, we have wildly differing leadership between Henry IV and Louis Xiv, who was Henry's grandson. The Revocation was ane of the main reasons that Huguenots left France. Information technology's likely that Jean de Jarnat was among these refugees.

On a somewhat related notation, is anyone else watching Versailles? I know the first series/season is washed in the UK, but nosotros just started information technology here in the States. I'yard interested to run across how information technology stacks up to the historical realities of King Louis XIV's courtroom. Then far, information technology seems interesting, even if it is drawing from the more sensational elements of the time period.

Sources

1. Henry Four. "Edict of Nantes." Edict of Nantes. Accessed September 27, 2016. http://www2.stetson.edu/~psteeves/classes/edictnantes.html.
2. Henry 4. "Edit De Nantes Avril 1598." Digital image. Wikimedia Commons. June six, 2009. Accessed September 27, 2016. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edit_de_Nantes_Avril_1598.jpg.
3. Louis 14. "Edict of Fontainebleau (October 22, 1685)." Internet Modern History Sourcebook. July 1998. Accessed October ii, 2016. http://huguenotsweb.costless.fr/english language/edict_1685.htm.
4. Louis Fourteen. "The Edict of Fontainebleau, Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 1685." Digital prototype. Wikimedia Commons. August thirteen, 2010. Accessed Oct 2, 2016. https://eatables.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Revocation_of_the_Edict_of_Nantes.jpg.
5. Murdoch, T. Five. "Dispersion." In The Quiet Conquest: The Huguenots 1685-1985, 51. London: Museum of London, 1985.

Historical marker exterior the Manakin Huguenot Society, Midlothian, VA

Yesterday I got upward early on to bulldoze downwards to Manakin Episcopal Church in Midlothian, VA, for the service. I don't consider church attendance a prerequisite for good research just I idea it might be interesting to spend some time in the area where one of the earliest Huguenot settlements was created.

Adjacent to the church is the edifice containing the meeting space and athenaeum for the Manakin Huguenot Club, as well equally the site of the Huguenot church. There is no show that Jean deJarnat was ever at the Manakintown settlement simply the society has a number of resources and even allows membership for those who are descended from other French Protestant immigrants who arrived effectually the same time as the Manakintown settlers.

From the Manakin Huguenot Society'due south site:

Huguenots began coming to Virginia every bit early as 1620. In 1700-1701, v ships arrived at the mouth of the James River, then the York and the Rappahannock rivers, east of present-twenty-four hours Richmond, Virginia. French Huguenots, having fled religious persecution, had lived in England and Ireland and washed armed services services for King William. They were granted lands in the New World for a permanent domicile where they had the freedom to worship equally they pleased. W of Richmond, many founded a colony on the site of a village deserted by the Monacan Indians. This is a society of the descendants of that colony and French Protestants who came to Virginia before 1786…(1)

I had emailed the guild's librarian, Bryan, the calendar week before and he had agreed to allow me

Plaque at the archway of the Manakin Huguenot Society, Midlothian, VA

access to the archives subsequently the service. Being the kind of person that sees a lot of detail in little things, I was very quickly overwhelmed by the corporeality of data independent in the athenaeum. For myself, the almost stressful affair virtually doing inquiry is knowing what book, folder, or slice of paper to pick up. My instinct is to go through everything in the hopes that something pops out at me. In the interest of non beingness there forever, I picked a few things which I thought were near relevant to my current project.

Happily, and I say that in all seriousness, I came away with a lot more questions than answers. I am nevertheless in the process of organizing and documenting the information I have collected but I think we'll see some interesting results when it's all said and done. I've certainly found a number of starting points for farther enquiry.

On the site, this monument commemorates the offset church built by the refugees:

Monument to the Commencement Church of the French Protestant Refugees, Midlothian, VA

Close up of left side of monument

Close up of center of monument

Shut up of right side of monument

Crossing the James River equally I collection to the church, I could almost imagine what it must have been similar without the crisscross of roads and wires. I wonder if it seemed similar a identify that the Huguenots could call home. Did they see a future in Virginia or were they too concerned with survival to call back about it?

Yesterday was September 11th, 2016, fifteen years subsequently the terrorist attacks on the Earth Trade Center and Pentagon here in the United states. Being in Virginia fabricated me feel similar I was looking into the by, seeing what the Huguenots saw through new eyes. I've not however been to French republic just with the beautiful atmospheric condition information technology made me wonder if the settlers recognized something of home in the landscape, or if what they recognized was perhaps the potential violence and terror of an uncertain life in a strange place: an unsettled future where their religion was the only affair they could rely on to keep them going.

Most interesting to me is the fashion in which myth making occurs when trying to reconstruct family history and history in general. Equally Napoleon said, "History is the version of past events that people take decided to hold upon." There are sources which mention Jean or the deJarnat family but I am very much ready to take a closer look to encounter what, if anything, can be surmised with whatever mensurate of surety.

Sources.

Save

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The entire day of Dominicus, August 24, was spent killing, raping, and pillaging, such that the number killed on that day in Paris and the faubourgs is believed to exist more than x g persons, including lords, gentlemen, presiding magistrates and counselors [in the sovereign courts], lawyers, students, doctors, solicitors, merchants, artisans, women, girls, youths, and preachers. The streets were covered with expressionless bodies; the river tinted with claret; the doors and entrances to the male monarch'due south palace painted the same color. But the killers were not yet sated. (ane)

This is an account of i of the bloodiest incidents that occurred during the conflicts between the Catholics and Protestants in France. On Baronial 24, 1572, numerous unarmed Protestants had come up to celebrate a imperial wedding in Paris. Various events which occurred during the proceedings set off a massacre which took the lives of ii to three k Protestants. The spread of violence to other towns killed what is believed to be another 5 to six thousand people. (ii)

The following lecture given by Barbara Diefendorf at Boston Academy, Blood Wedding: The Saint Bartholomew'due south Mean solar day Massacre in History and Retention, is an splendid introduction to this topic and explains the possible reasons for the outbreak of violence:

(iii)

I concord with Diefendorf that nosotros must non get bogged down in the religious aspect of these massacres. There are many and alien accounts of why and how this upshot occurred,  and whether it was primarily personality conflicts amid the nobility or popular religious fervor the importance of this massacre to the history of the Huguenots can't be overstated.

Sources

1. "The Wake-Up Call for the French and Their Neighbors." In The St.Bartholomew'south Twenty-four hours Massacre: A Brief History with Documents, translated past Barbara B. Diefendorf, 113. Boston, MA: Bedford/St.Martin'south, 2009.

2.  Diefendorf, Barbara B. The St. Bartholomew's Twenty-four hour period Massacre: A Brief History with Documents. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martins, 2009, ane.

3.  Diefendorf, Barbara B. "Blood Nuptials: The Saint Bartholomew's Twenty-four hours Massacre in History and Retentivity." Lecture, Boston University, Boston, MA, Oct 25, 2006. March 30, 2010. Accessed September ten, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/sentry?v=5UIfXUoEKgo.

Information technology would be impossible for me to cover every historical detail about the Huguenots in one post, so I'll give a blank bones overview and a chronology of events which nosotros may need to circular dorsum to and aggrandize upon at a subsequently date.

Portrait of a Man, Bearding, 1550s, Depiction of John Calvin

Huguenots are, mostly speaking, any French Protestants who were persecuted for practicing their faith in 16th and 17th century France. (1) In 1519, German reformer Martin Luther'due south doctrine of justification past religion and his ideas about emphasizing the importance of Scripture had reached Paris. The protestant belief system, aided by the popularity of French humanist philosophy, led to the spread of Calvinism among the population. Calvin'southward belief was that Catholic masses were blasphemy since he saw communion non  as a sacrifice but as a memorial service.

Many wealthier French nobles took to the Protestant faith and joined John Calvin in exile in Geneva. Robert J. Knecht, the author of Essential Histories: The French Religious Wars 1562-98, writes:

In the towns, Protestantism began highly-seasoned to the lower orders of lodge, peculiarly the artisans…Protestantism appealed to virtually all social strata and to a wide variety of occupations.

By 1559 we see an official gathering in Paris, considered the first Protestant national synod, where a 'Confession of the Religion' was endorsed. For those who are studying genealogy and are curious to know where the largest concentrations of Huguenots in France were, Knecht elaborates, "…the bulk of Calvinist churches in France were south of the river Loire, in a wide sweep stretching from La Rochelle in the west to the foothills of the Alps in the east." (2)

An Bystander Business relationship of the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre by Francois Dubois, 1529-1584

The about important question to enquire is perhaps not how, simply why the Protestant organized religion came into such bloody conflict with the Catholicism. The reasons are myriad, but I like Barbara Diefendorf's explanation from her fantastically circuitous book Beneath the Cross: Catholics and Huguenots in Sixteenth-Century Paris:

We are used to viewing the wars of the early modernistic period equally nearly uniquely the affairs of princes and kings, but the religious wars were dissimilar. They had a resonance among the mutual people…They did not but affect people in material means, in terms of higher taxes and devastated fields, but likewise appeared to threaten the very bases on which civil society was built…the doctrinal differences that separated Catholics and Huguenots were non perceived past the common people equally abstract scholarly debates but rather as crucial choices between truth and error…the religious war represented a crusade against heresy, a crusade that had to be won if civil order was to exist preserved and salvation to exist assured. (iii)

Propaganda depicting Huguenot assailment against Catholics at sea, 16th Century

This was the world which Jean deJarnat and others like him were born into and afterward expelled from. Further study is needed to determine what Jean was leaving from more than what he was coming towards. After leaving France, did he get straight to England? Did he join William of Orange'due south army in the Netherlands?

The post-obit is a chronology of events that would take influenced the emigration of the Huguenots, some of which we will cover in later posts:

Partial Chronology of Huguenot History from Memory and Identity: The Huguenots in French republic and the Atlantic Diaspora (iv)

While there may never be concrete answers, drawing reasonable conclusions from existing sources and creating a coherent narrative is certainly not exterior the realm of possibility. That is exactly what I will attempt to do over the next few months.

Sources

1. Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2016. south.v "Huguenot | French Protestant." Accessed September half-dozen, 2016. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Huguenot.

2.Knecht, Robert Jean. The French Religious Wars: 1562-1598. Oxford: Osprey, 2002, 15-16.

3.Diefendorf, Barbara B. Beneath the Cross: Catholics and Huguenots in Sixteenth-century Paris. New York: Oxford Academy Press, 1991, 178.

4.Ruymbeke, Bertrand Van, and Randy J. Sparks. Memory and Identity: The Huguenots in France and the Atlantic Diaspora. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2003, xv.

I take a very vivid memory of arriving to school one solar day when I was 6 or vii and being asked to spell my last proper noun for the teacher. I would get: "D-East-majuscule J-A-R-North-E-T-T-Due east." As always, whoever was on the receiving end of this would ask, "Is that French?" Being a child and not specially interested in the details, I would usually shrug.

Despite being well-trained in making sure people capitalized the "J" it wasn't until much subsequently that I came to be interested in learning the history behind my final name. Driving through Virginia, one might see a number of signs for businesses and public spaces bearing the name, "DeJarnette." My family, information technology seems, is a adequately prolific clan in that state.

Emigration of the Huguenots 1566 by January Antoon Neuhuys (1891)

A while back, I was able to constitute a genealogy that connects myself to the "ur" DeJarnette (then deJarnat), Jean. This site exists to further expound upwardly his experiences every bit a French Protestant who settled in North America. As I assemble more research, I will share it here and endeavour to help put his life, and the lives of other early Huguenot settlers, into perspective.

By most accounts it is agreed that my seventh Slap-up-Grandfather, Jean deJarnat, arrived in 1699 with a group of 600 French Protestant refugees sent by Male monarch William to Virginia. (one)

from DeJarnette and Allied Families in America (1699-1954)

These French Protestant refugees were known equally Huguenots and had been frequent targets for religious persecution past the Roman Catholic clergy. After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes past Louis Xiv in 1685, the Huguenots constitute this curtailing of religious liberty intolerable and emigrated in large numbers. More than than 400,000 left France for the netherlands, Prussia, or England. From England, many continued on to North America. (two)

It's hard to say, later on a point, which bits and pieces of family history are the almost historically sound. Context clues tell us that Jean deJarnat was indeed what many people in my family claim he was. I will try to be every bit thorough and ethical in my explorations as possible and hope you lot volition enjoy reading about the topics I will be sharing hither!

Sources:

1.Frost, Earl C., and May M. Frost. DeJarnette and Centrolineal Families in America (1699-1954). Redwood City, CA: Pacific Coast Publishers, 1954. Microform.

2. Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2016. s.5 "Huguenot | French Protestant." Accessed September 4, 2016. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Huguenot.

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Source: https://huguenothistory.wordpress.com/

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